A vessel from which the air is rapidly being pumped out contains a small amount of water of 0ºC. The intensive evaporation causes a gradual freezing of the water. What part of the original amount of water can be converted into ice by this method?
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Sol. The heat necessary for evaporation can be obtained only from the latent heat of fusion liberated when the water freezes. Upon freezing of m 1 grams of water, m 1 q 1 calories of heat will be liberated (q 1 is the latent heat of fusion of ice) which will form the amount of vapour m 2 = 
where q 2 is the heat of evaporation at 0ºC. If m = m 1 + m 2 is the mass of the water before pumping, the mass of the ice produced will be
m 1 = 
m
or ~ 87 per cent of the original mass of water.
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